A factor that is causally related to a change in the risk of a relevant health process, outcome, or condition. The causal nature of the relationship is established on the basis...

Mutually interrelated communities of species and abiotic components, existing as a system with specific interactions and exchange of matter, energy, and information.

Data sources and methods for surveillance systems include notifiable diseases, laboratory specimens, vital records, sentinel surveillance, registries, surveys, and...

The average number of types of macromolecules (for example, mRNAs) per cell.

Means a group of animals with a defined epidemiological relationship that share approximately the same likelihood of exposure to a pathogenic agent. This may be because they...

Clinical signs or syndrome (including death)- Indirect indicators (e.g. drug sales, production or performance information, abattoir sub missions)- Gross pathology- Laboratory...

Determining which hazards should be selected for surveillance based on information about the probability of their occurrence and the extent of biologic and/or economic...

A One Health surveillance system is a system in which collaborative efforts exist across at least two sectors (among human health, animal health, food safety and environment) in...

Transmission from human to human and potentially from human to animal.

Findable, accessible, interoperable and re-usable data, i.e. data that are managed according to the FAIR Guiding Principles. The FAIR Principles describe distinct considerations...

This framework proposes a structured approach for provisioning of metadata in future One Health Surveillance reports. It allows mapping of existing One Health Surveillance...

The negative predictive value (NPV) of a diagnostic test is the proportion of those testing negative and are truly disease free. The more sensitive a test, the less likely it is...

The process, distinct from risk assessment, of weighing policy alternatives in consultation with interested parties, considering risk assessment and other legitimate factors,...

Checking, by examination and the consideration of objective evidence, whether specified requirements have been fulfilled

Any substance or product, whether processed, partially processed or unprocessed, intended to be, or reasonably expected to be ingested by humans. ‘Food’ includes drink, chewing...

A criterion which separates acceptability from unacceptability.

Collaborating institutes in the One Health European Joint Programme

A collection of concepts and relationships needed to model all the data and information collected in the process of surveillance, including surveillance inputs, methods, and...

Quantitative variable or qualitative factor that provides a simple and reliable means to measure achievement, to reflect the changes connected to activities, or to help assess...

Use of prior or additional information about the probability of hazard occurrence to revise the surveillance intensity required to achieve the stated surveillance purpose.