An individual who contracted infection through direct contact with the primary vehicle or source of infection.

Infection that causes disease in human populations but can be perpetuated solely in nonhuman host animals (e.g., bubonic plague); may be enzootic.

Term not used in this sector

An instar is a developmental stage of arthropods, such as insects, between each moult until sexual maturity is reached

Inherent capability of an agent or a situation to have an adverse effect. A factor or exposure that may adversely affect health. Loosely, in lay speech a synonym for RISK; in...

In public health risk assessment: The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or...

The number of new cases per population at risk in a given time period.

Place where the contributory factors occurred.

The number of new cases within a specified time period divided by the size of the population initially at risk.

The majority of pathogens of animals are generalists that infect multiple host species, referred to as multi-host pathogens or multi-host parasites.

Proportion of negative events (e.g. non-outbreak periods) incorrectly classified as events (e.g.outbreaks). This is the inverse of the specificity but can be more easily...

A function of the likelihood that a zoonotic disease event or contaminant may occur and the magnitude of the impact if it were to occur.

An individual who brings the disease into the population (where the population can be any defined group of people)

See: Early warning surveillance

Definition stating when the sample is considered to be positive for the zoonotic agent or when the person, animal, herd or flock is considered to be infected with the zoonotic...

Identification of the causative agent in samples taken from the preparation or processing environment of the suspected food vehicle, or from batches of similar foodstuffs...

Willingness of persons and organisations to participate in the surveillance system, and the degree to which each of these users is involved in the surveillance process including...

A set of uniformly applied criteria for determining whether a person should be identified as having a particular disease, injury, or other health condition. In epidemiology,...